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新概念笔记 (2--4)册

新概念笔记 (2--4)册

二册.
' o2 |, {2 ?. B0 g" l
5 B7 M, Z! Z& W6 T# [0 Q' o+ lones----复数代‘多个’  C. P5 o/ G& `
one--- --单数代‘一个’
$ Q) v: g* A3 d* \$ I) \# a$ _
( ^6 _2 z, ?2 g6 O, lI am thirsty for,,,,,,,,,,,,,
1 Q8 |& L6 Q3 u6 {0 b" O% R, c) tI am hungry for,,,,,,,,,,,,
( s0 Q5 Q# p3 o/ `* D! z7 l1 `/ p' i1 q% d$ W- A
The ghost haunt(visit)------闹鬼
- A* O6 y' i* FThe ghost haunted the house./  It is haunted.; n8 n+ F, E+ s4 O# z, h
5 B; Z; u1 {6 `
The pipe is blocked.下水道堵住# y2 B% E- n- G. K

5 G! t$ S1 C9 f! {8 R$ J3 n, K. ~a piece of furniture  
& K3 q: S' c. @7 v5 Z! _a set of furniture
1 e0 g& p: L& U0 ~# ~
4 X2 B$ p: n7 J/ Tscotch----一种上等的whisky
; w; g+ x0 c6 c( Bbrandy---比较烈的酒
- P. z2 C$ `+ I, c* K+ ^* f7 H  v* r* Y8 r0 I/ ?1 I
suggest+that ............9 K: l$ M& J5 k& b, j7 z: y7 s
suggest+doing
  E& G, |! D1 n! x. G0 e
) d; C9 v3 O2 ^3 |9 G) x8 l. ~9 v5 r4 saccept-------receive sth with pleasure& Y' N! \3 w* `% f! g' O9 r$ G
4 G9 l) }, a9 d: e6 r# B- @7 i$ I( w
(up) for sale----有待出售
+ r1 ]: x! s8 x# \1 S
( V% O" W2 C5 }' |& D" |; K4 uup for----有待于 . m$ x1 E0 L5 u7 c9 i  T
This issue is up for discussion./ Q* S/ T. W* [8 p. b

" H0 z9 B8 q- v' W  C; k) D3 Gthe week before  前一个星期
8 L( T5 r' B4 f8 Uthe night before前天% b- r$ l% h: r% g
the year before前年
# M; ^' O" L  [& \- O' j+ r% Kthe next day 后天* B) v& F9 Y+ Q7 j* `, E( D
- p0 W/ f( @7 w1 X1 x5 U' s
give away----捐献,免费的送
! N* J; M% i7 _' F
& {* G0 f  v2 Q1 k, n  dshould----情态时,表 ‘应该’
! p: H1 r( l# {9 b5 S! cDon't pull my leg anymore.-------不要开玩笑了
/ r: M% c% j1 R" l) k3 I+ k" [
2 @* U+ O  g( }) Z0 ?2 J1 C. Y3 Z% ?cotton  wool----药棉$ c3 w  _: X# h& b
collect money---筹集资金" V4 \/ c8 ~% E$ K6 w+ ?3 N
collect children----收养孩子
! G$ v0 k4 {; t, U" u3 O6 Z9 K
, N0 h1 G: K9 G判断是不是定语从句,就看是否和前面的名词有关系。
1 \) r  n1 \* a引导状语从句的,就叫关系副 词。
7 X5 [- w/ j( r* Y/ Z( S9 D) N" ?$ F
[ Last edited by tomasy on 2005-7-1 at 14:48 ]
安静,努力,盼望.

In answer to..............---------作为对。。。。的回答
% |) @6 R$ H7 Q: c* v* EIn return  for............--------作为对。。。。。的报答
2 q: ?  z5 ~: i/ q! o9 S% y3 d: R% P# B# m; ?  g
meanwhile=at the same time=in the mean time
) q. d6 G3 H0 ?  D
$ F9 o1 Q! c+ Y# \8 X: n- abe tired of sth/doing sth ------厌烦! {4 z: ?9 J; `* u" X5 Y& S

0 u7 J1 M% T8 b; \" gspring----泉水
6 [  X) H( L4 x9 t6 I- `' j& zfountain---人工喷泉                & ]" H7 y7 D3 C( Y- i9 g
mat----怕烫的桌上垫子
% l" b2 ]" n5 m% J# y6 D* {/ wcushion---地上,沙发上的垫子
& S* P' M: G' x3 f0 _gust---一阵强的风---a gust of wind0 T  P1 g  d8 ]) A( Q/ a
breeze----微风
3 s1 z7 u! E8 qgale-----比gust时间长,强度大
3 D: P2 `2 I0 `3 F; qa gust of anger----一阵无名火5 L0 W% B/ T8 g1 }
sweep sth away------把东西给刮走
: v& P9 _9 V$ q4 U$ b3 B7 W  Z" @smash ----vt.  摔的粉碎smash into pieces. _. a6 I3 a# H8 e
crash-------vi,  没有被动语态
1 R5 B& Y8 L0 M; D/ \crush----受挤压而变碎, u3 s8 l& ^% P* c. Z
break-----打碎
* e: n' Z, g( _# A/ _7 k# l' G2 dcrack-----有裂痕,不碎! K4 F# b7 m$ d0 X' c- \3 s
cracker----苏打饼干,克力架* R& D# H4 `2 z# N' x# _* o- A
9 X8 |1 |% d" r4 ^
courtyard--院子
+ s! X- W$ D6 U6 L. K- lbackyard---后院8 a: E2 Z* I* u  I! V% r6 U3 Q
: d4 [0 y# G) X  u
glance at------有意地,短暂地看,扫视: t3 s: x: f! k0 s' ]  j' i  r; W
glare  at -----生气,恼怒地看% j/ q) s3 d' j6 p' @
stare  at------盯着看- e& W+ b2 H* ~2 u! o( e. Q
gaze   at------无限神往地看
2 T; M' f. P; G9 P+ E0 F' B4 q* c9 b! f( v1 W
promptly=at once=immediately+ }: @+ A8 U8 a  z$ a* |( \6 G

0 b! u+ J3 `9 }* e2 ymariculously-------副词,奇迹般地
  o4 ^; y: B; E2 w- C  S/ t6 G* d& h" m5 r+ k* N* f2 o
形容词短语作状语:" o; \" N0 z( |- M' [
Tired of sleeping on the floor, he saved up for years to buy a bed.
* k) t+ z/ J+ [6 b0 r( hI always go to bed hungry.# C6 Q* V+ d! B( n' [7 z$ |) G, K
Worried about my daughter, Lucy,  she went to London to visit Lucy.
安静,努力,盼望.

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For the first time of one's life-----生平第一次
/ i% b+ W6 I% x$ l8 j0 `# j5 F/ N
6 [/ b3 u# q) o( nbecome the proud owner of sth
5 t; \& v; V5 @1 A# `& zI become the proud father of a baby.
1 k5 u. m5 v/ D
8 n( x2 A( K# X! j$ i) _lift sth onto the truck---带上卡车
" s" j. Q% D7 x8 ^: z4 P% @2 x- Tfor the first two nights
$ o! A) `/ E5 x0 Xfor the last  two nights
9 Z; i* V& H  p) x5 r/ B& i; ^2 F6 Z
7 S% b% }- C  R2 s6 Gblow up 风越刮越大+ ~$ J0 P6 K# q: Z
' L2 P9 M1 P% M0 ^7 H9 T  c
形容词---ing形式和名词为主动关系,    ---ed为被动关系
1 M( z0 v$ N# Z: O4 g  aGlancing at........状语% G, O, h6 P; Y3 K2 P5 ^$ M
send it crushing,,,,,,,,,,,/ I find  the door locked------宾补
4 o2 T( A" H7 B4 }4 _) Y/ `% npassing plane----定语
$ j$ g7 }, u1 `( K/ _5 R( C+ ]. d0 J) G3 Q2 \
主语从句- ~* H" X9 n: _$ t( v. p- Z
It is easy that we learn English.
2 z+ `5 ^- U& Y6 d( t
! [8 W3 W* H( P' u宾语从句
$ D9 j4 i! O$ T/ D4 ?% r& TI said that..............3 V6 D& @( l0 p5 W; h  a
I am sorry that I am late.     作be sorry形容词短语的宾语
- U4 K9 E5 a1 f" s; a* E1 ~+ ~  a1 G, i% V" C$ X2 b9 r
定语从句
2 U1 n# u5 d2 F- a+ o
) [. }$ x5 D& Y1 Y5 B! |( p$ d, F/ Y2 W0 F! ~& f* R1 ?
状语从句:原因状语/条件状语/时间状语/结果状语- ?8 l* u) N5 R
+ t! v1 |7 H% f; K5 @  P
1 l% J# z$ y* P0 c" [+ J# q! O
ride -----不用走路的旅游
9 d: H/ S; g5 t& }; {0 Texcursion----距离近的郊游(一天游,两天游)/ h4 P# r0 R/ ?5 R' m0 q
weekend's excursion/a day's excursion
, m! h2 b" u: k- m1 c4 M3 g7 `, U1 K% }2 S: K# ^$ k( a8 Q
in one's view=in one's opinion
3 P% s  D; U! d& u- ]# I
9 C1 o" c" U+ r) C; F; Cview-----景色(主观性较强)$ O* m/ j+ j% U: U* s. _9 q
sight-----景色,视线,视野(强调客观)
; c2 A( s# \9 j! P/ z+ FCan I have a room with a good view?, R( I( }7 ^4 L! P- O

6 X. Y8 t4 M  Q& ~( M. r  [( rI love having dinner with you, but I don't like paying for it.我喜欢,但我0 Q& X* _8 [" C% @8 r! f) w
不喜欢
- u- |: Q7 {& \# I% q5 {0 Y+ J- X4 |/ I! A
It take sb some time to do  sth
8 A" J5 H1 ~- C# v6 Y; wsb spend some time doing sth
安静,努力,盼望.

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sb spend some time on sth: Z. |5 n' e, b; U( Q0 C& `8 Z3 Q
$ M( `  O; a' G$ K/ p
比较级+ than  I expected/thought(口)0 C: n2 O4 @4 ]# w. Q' q
1 I6 f$ `& q# {8 u! [6 k
特殊疑问句+to+动词原形,取代宾语从句
* m5 s* G- C4 G& h7 o/ aHow can I get there? --------------How to get there?
- Z6 u1 ]8 e- t* j# p& [                                   --------------I'll tell you where to get off?0 u( a, M% L  ]. B0 \
                                   --------------I don't know which to choose?
! [# M3 P/ ]7 X                                  -------------- I wonder when to have a meeting?
- P+ w5 H1 M8 X& h. l' O( [4 Gget a good view of  ---欣赏。。。。的美景6 l& \# @+ V! r: U0 P$ h
I stood at the window to get a good view of the city.
# I7 p; k8 c  `+ p6 l6 V" V- R
( ?. M5 l) \' {3 g2 S& D1 w$ xI realized with a shock that................
$ u9 m4 E' b+ P$ }: a
4 a* m0 q+ s2 ^" l0 u# A' _( {8 l6 fThis is as far as I can do.
& ?/ n& _- M1 W3 H9 N& Q0 N& ^
6 s  R% @6 |+ r% G, [put sb off-----敷衍2 k1 ^7 q2 {& u' P. g& ]. i( R
My son always asks me to take him up, I always put him off.
/ p) D! b! i6 iput sth off/put off doing sth-----推迟做某事
- p+ P1 Q& ?2 z4 M! c5 W" W5 i. y( ^  }7 y
in that case ---如果那样的话
& ~/ ^. \- y& s' f" W4 R  Qin  a sense ---从某种意义上说. D% U( o3 K+ s% O# X
2 z  H) {2 f* F9 ~0 r
light go on=light be on   灯开着
, M# D! E& T+ k5 Y
1 |1 X/ F* M, Z* d" d平辈,朋友--------dear+ 名词, @: J" E0 p3 A
长辈  -----------------dear + 关系+名词% O8 v2 O% R3 [" K; b3 [
" g; K- W) n4 ~6 J8 X6 n
表示状态,情绪,感觉,精神活动不可用进行时
) _2 F4 C  `- h& f+ [belong to, consist of, contain, desire, detest, dislike, hate, hope, love, ! }- D/ N( e3 T
matter,mean,mind,need,want,wish. }" b0 g3 y9 [( W
7 J7 |6 h0 P* @& N" |. t! ]
come loose----系动词+形容词----松了
9 k% U. ^2 V4 h0 bbet on sth --就。。。。赌
8 o/ \$ A2 M/ X. pexpect ----vt.' V3 s7 S3 X* G1 E! Q" q
wait (vi,) for& ]- u: H5 i# `  p0 O' C
long=for a long time8 @) u2 v8 D3 H: [
I have waited for you long.
3 l1 w* F; z, h, n1 K% [* Q- p6 `8 H3 W" l7 y) g
下某种交通工具,一定要用get off
3 F, @! N- B, |% P/ nAfter dinner, I got  down. 吃完饭下桌
+ z1 y/ e2 V! {6 T2 I$ wget out of 一定要加地点" y, \3 ^( Y! U- o( Z: m
( E  Z5 L4 _7 H% a' h
give sb a reward
安静,努力,盼望.

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reward sb with sth  -----用。。。来奖赏某人
7 K7 V# d; m+ m2 t..................  for  sb------因为。。。而奖赏某人
& {# t0 D/ X8 \" K# E( ]+ ~) H6 J' ]4 P, C
strongpoints----长处
. m' V" r/ M( |merit ----优点(工作中); c, F! ?5 Z: j5 G+ x
7 [& S( e% L( A6 e$ [0 Z
forbid sb to do sth8 \" d5 [$ N; B0 \/ t  r2 N
allow sb to do sth
% \6 k0 m! v8 i1 X- \1 F9 I" [
* s! j& S+ l9 U  K; V- w$ \4 x一个动词的过去分词可以作为形容词用-----lost,broken
5 G$ R2 c% ]) j% q& ~
  E) P0 p2 G- a) ^2 a
7 i0 F* [. ?' m1 v4 I' Y/ cTo one's embarrasment/suprise,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,----------让我感到。。。。4 W2 M" U. b6 M6 c; e) O
的是。。。。
! F% k7 Q# j. R9 U9 y1 x" t
/ w7 k# ^0 n& R- U: @! N' Kbe strict  with sb -----对某人严格
. G+ W( d9 M+ H8 Mbe strict  in sth -------在某方面严格
  d3 \4 L6 c$ }7 S, L2 @. N/ v2 B1 R# ?5 [
at times/sometimes-----时而
$ \+ ]7 T8 _; W6 K. Aoff  and  on----------偶尔
& X4 H+ j2 C4 V- X! u* o) i$ know and again-----偶尔6 ]8 o$ E" d$ m
How often do you visit you mom?% c9 S  ^7 y  ]# o7 R. ~

+ q6 y. k1 {5 f, Y4 _( ]& x, l) Zfirst  of  all-----首要% k3 M/ ~9 O% n
at  first----------首先
0 t7 z. n; Q6 n% {/ v; y) W* X% G+ X1 j( P
fatten---vt.   使某人发胖
" u; M' K! c, G  t4 f. ^+ N7 F( Xpay sb a visit-----拜访某人" H& A) g7 h7 X
+ ]0 Y, p- i# |( d. N9 D
as..........as ever--------和往常一样
7 K; i! J2 t  X0 s  O" J, [; o! `be surprised to do1 F# A; {9 U- o9 g4 ~
be surprised at sth/ ^, a* _/ y/ g( F, v3 n

5 [1 m: X  o, y& Tlend sb into his room----领某人进入房间
3 q) K* H- s8 m! X, I. Sshow sb out ------引领某人出去/ @/ t9 O- h( f2 \4 u
I will show you out.
% ~* u0 f+ b5 Gsee sb off------送行; T, ~  C7 Y1 W0 N
) a5 l, u0 |9 H1 M* [- s
半联系动词:
+ y  D4 }1 ]- ]5 r+ C-----be 动词
2 q; W  k9 K$ N! \0 M7 h-----感官动词   feel+adj.
' b: G9 U3 t2 _-----get/become
5 g; y8 e: S  j) b7 o' I# o-----lie
安静,努力,盼望.

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shameful-----令人羞愧的9 P# _" J( t& \
ashamed-----感到羞愧的
/ z7 x! g. o. Jwhat a shame you didn't win.---- 真遗憾,你没赢
1 L/ C; k& Y9 U" ^$ v
. L& W1 L9 `' lcomfortable---自在
# J% c/ E4 T: L8 N- Q- |5 d. L* `# h( H& y! W4 J# n
有ago,一定不用完成时,用一般过去
, P  i  ^' z# O3 F* q8 z- \9 G& z' }all the day/all morning/all the week----------用现在完成进行时(动作有延续,9 w" ^- E, T8 ~" U0 V
还有可能继续延续下去)8 M0 w# f9 v) R% T) D) L% C
段时间可以跟现在完成, 也可以跟现在完成进行时# p- y' P. z& e6 U, j
, P  g* J' n+ }; l% Y  A! ^+ A) q
get  sth  in order----使。。。。
- y7 N3 L% w1 g1 J1 G# t9 f; S, A4 M
To make matters worse......更糟糕的是,,,,(插入语,习惯放开头)$ |! ]- c. I& E4 L3 ^
  C( \, ]" T8 D
The room is rather small----相当的
/ i/ T2 E& `# |It worths every penny.---是值得的
) K! A, |# d5 ?# S; ycover every inch of-----(夸张表述法)
+ \) }( a1 X1 U5 t
/ X" Y# [; ?; {) u. z+ }' I2 Jhelp sb with sth' p3 S! f+ q' l7 X3 M5 o# }
with your help3 W' p/ }: b9 U' T) U) A
' I" q3 F' G- V8 O: o/ z. H5 H8 ]9 ^0 K
in your spare time8 h6 r: y( T& M9 R/ v8 P2 \( J

- c6 z- |* E7 R& Gother----形容词
! O) B1 a/ S6 @* c& z' E3 dthe other----代词7 F6 C& V# O. |6 {
otherwise-----1,连词
  j6 H5 M8 r1 x3 ]7 T                ------2, adv.=differently& `8 ?" d2 _" W: L& Q7 f
& O; y1 x  F5 Y" U9 _9 M
hot--hot---hot---麻辣烫! F$ W7 ]9 `: o5 q7 D
hot--wings----辣鸡翅/ V+ P& O, A5 r. s
hot--tempered----火爆脾气
: D7 Z. H8 S3 V# y$ D; bIt  sells like a hot cake---畅销
- I+ a& y$ N* {  a& ]best  seller---畅销的东西
8 Y5 e9 q1 R# q3 Phot   potato----棘手的问题: A( ?, N4 f1 s$ f0 |

9 y& ^  [6 {1 e( Mhydrant----消防栓
- r* l6 K  o0 L$ s6 Z' q: K5 a3 b2 a# S) u& t
Carelessness causes accidents------.......引起麻烦: Z7 v+ Y+ J/ ~
cause sb to do sth----引起,导致某人做某事( L* \3 Z- R0 E

1 O, }( t) \7 I" csnatch--v.  突然抓起来
4 m: R6 x5 W2 e% {1 v; t4 D& d0 B$ [seize---v.  用力抓住
安静,努力,盼望.

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since then,  从那时起,到现在为止
' p# g$ u2 m5 O
, E! A; `. w* O5 }cigarette ends--- 烟头
% S6 U+ c% s: c% H
# M& S. l' l7 y( _be sure that .........; u* K; y5 ~& b6 U  c7 `1 P- ~
fairly  sure -----rather  sure------quite  sure(语气逐渐增强)
- X- v5 O) s+ T7 y
* Z' T+ F( \! d& P  s& Istart a fire =cause a fire
& r5 L, h% ?  F& C5 [5 O7 Q0 a
9 s( c7 a" G  v: Z; g6 Snotice---注意到别人不注意的东西
* T7 Y5 m2 o) v8 [  e$ y+ Y5 X4 J+ T$ @  G
get an electric shock--触电
" i: \- K4 v) C( Z/ s- g3 {get a static electricity---(穿衣服,关车门)时,被静电电了一下
. X% u$ h" |8 z4 G9 V. \2 F- L8 a. S
persuade----劝说成功
# M8 n. U& C2 L$ w& v' o5 }- X6 ?try to persuade----劝说
7 r& N. j+ p" A  i, b! W) ~( I3 n, Yreason with sb---劝说(强调以道理)" F/ T, Q" T5 ?) {
in this way=that's how----以 这种方式
; z' ]8 ^+ F# R% Zlike------在英文中不表示方式* }2 C9 H- q- @/ D' d/ V8 b5 ]5 F
5 N5 g% G, p: L- N# K
Now that fireman have put out a big forest fire in California, they have - ?1 m* S" m" O5 F6 G& d
been trying to discover it's cause.
& E7 Y: b$ Q8 {8 k7 X9 O8 N4 V! m8 q0 ~8 a
In winding itself around the wires the snake had spent sparks to the ground
# J, M1 i& a* Z# [5 Q2 Nand it caused the fire.
1 s2 a( o6 R4 V9 z* T2 ~介词in,on  放在动词+ing  前面的理解方式和没有in, on  的理解方式一样6 w1 j5 ^9 ?0 l$ @4 N  _
0 W) ^3 U. c# Z% p3 ~6 O8 b: M5 R
as sticky as glue-----合和胶水一样粘
( D0 E9 z: x$ K* s0 k. @
( N1 y0 M+ g" R4 @6 r3 T* e$ p- M6 I五个指头:- S( ?; N% S# q4 ]3 C% n
thumb
5 d7 R, `4 o6 X3 Y" gindex  finger
/ Y2 s7 F$ O4 F& o7 umiddle......" i+ f) d6 D, Y
ring.....
% @6 V3 S- c) v3 b0 x/ wlittle...... U, F, l1 W' W) [
' Y4 ]" i- u! n+ p
dismay sb 2 g* l! N7 V- a1 }' g
dismaying-----令人沮丧的
% s  Z; X2 Q1 H% R8 _6 Vdismayed----感到沮丧
6 L& [) a7 p+ F$ X7 [9 T# B
9 Z8 G% ?% r6 U% Mmake a mess of sth& D; `7 G. p/ s8 ]9 J1 A
----the baby made a mess of my life
安静,努力,盼望.

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doorknock----圆的,球形门把手
& L; Q5 q, U! J  Y% n; oautograph----明星,名人的签名
: B1 D$ u, `" z5 o: K/ G. Q! e  S" vregistered letter------挂号信5 R6 e' q; N/ G. M4 ?6 U
sign for sth-----签收
8 ~3 m4 s5 Z" g ' _2 N9 b! q# B5 I1 a0 {
as school/at work------在上学/在上班
# F  F' K# E, m! J6 i. mat home----在家(休息)* i5 X2 C* j8 ]/ |5 k7 e1 @3 j2 ^* V

& D8 j! m/ w! T4 D" J% Sflour---面粉(不可数)
2 Q: B* u. S/ ^7 y- \at exactly that moment--------就在那时
2 d3 ?/ L! |' x' W% H
# ^; R$ B6 r7 Z  H) I1 Aenough:1,名词 have enough0 s  }" E+ q7 J* B
                  2,形容词修饰名词时,放前放后都可以- V4 t' j0 W7 v
                  3,副词修饰形容词或副词时,放在后面     9 w5 ]$ F" Z2 }0 c: q8 B
enough to do sth--------I am hungy enough to eat a horse.9 l" t1 I6 R3 W3 ?
. E" c( X- W1 o8 l! w- {1 N
the + 形容词---------有这一特征的。。。。; x4 O# F& Z' a( @9 Q

" [& L, A* H$ g9 N8 I* M2 ~* y$ eAll................is  not.........------------不是所有的(部分否定)0 h' I( r/ s; V$ a; _5 e: D# ?
All that glitters is not gold.发光的不一定都是金字
' Y) `* |5 H9 ?' A: `" l" \slience is golden.
2 M$ S+ Z& e9 Z! t5 H! B+ h: Kgolden opportunity
4 o; ~2 l. s7 ]# G) II am honored /glad to have the golden opportunity  to do,,,
$ K1 e) v6 T& g, n  i9 G% G" lgoldfish
& y" z9 g, }6 c+ P# l* Wplatinum----铂,白金
2 _9 W" U. b, w. z/ D( j2 ^, Z% Q* b/ d! A9 h
treasure  ---总称(没有复数)
9 F* d# b6 w: STreasure  Island----金银岛. y! q, C' c/ W; Q3 {( x

! a8 `  Y6 |6 D# o$ h! a( Yjewel-----可数
7 _3 ]' z* i; U/ v7 w( gjewelry----总称(不可数)与 people,police 等词同类
2 V! x' r' m3 |2 A& ^' e: N" Y/ B) Z- u! y
hold one's arm  {  V7 P' n+ X
"Farewell! Arms"  <永别了,武器>---海明威写的$ P- a4 S8 h3 e" Y; \: t0 T" R7 S
Soldiers should be armed well7 v: T6 d* C( m! _0 i9 U
The youth should be armed with knowledge.  用。。。来武装0 {/ e2 o; H0 o, F, v0 z1 U2 X5 A3 v
) E7 ?2 i) O; t  f0 V4 r! ]
earth------也可表泥土
- k/ o9 |# d+ r+ V7 x% D# x& n3 Esoil-----土壤
2 ^) q; J0 ^& O5 F4 a$ d' q# M4 H" g! U, J
entrance of / to  C' s/ g, R0 y9 a/ ~% b
be confidence of doing1 `3 n+ y: ^+ ]1 T0 E9 U
be confident that....
安静,努力,盼望.

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dreams end, k4 v+ }" o2 E5 _
dreams come true& C, K# r: P" a  C; y: }) |
, a' g" R) P0 p) P3 r- w( g
同位语从句中的引导词只有一个that
" ?  c  `- {, E  }
8 R6 T6 r4 Q% k8 `2 f2 d9 g: Ysomething of value=something valuable ' _% F3 y& g1 C9 [
something of small value---没有价值
& E) B" C* `& m  a5 w8 u" [) asomething important=something  of importance
- Z9 u0 A8 I7 ?5 a
( @, H2 D. b6 R0 F* r2 P被用来:
+ `1 m0 Y6 f* sbe used for + 名词/v+ing,% y" c! s* f! l* y  @
be used to do sth
# `  W: S. y9 S  S5 d- c
4 T" }, e6 N6 g9 H- Y+ c4 F四种表达方法:. v+ B9 ?7 e& _- o6 r/ y# }
To one's excitement,! H" i4 b, }! E  x+ @8 ~
The most exciting thing is that......................# z) b8 C$ w6 S7 W2 x4 K4 Q  V: {  x2 Y
The most exciting thing about it is that............
' [' I7 F" p& R$ t6 m+ hIt excited me that..........: y2 s9 m4 {9 _) O

4 L- n2 J4 f: \0 y
9 X0 x3 ~" P: L. P4 f- i5 T3 r- r2 z/ a6 E: N
  J2 n% f5 ?& {/ F0 R7 ?
nice      什么都可以用      You are nice.
$ @- I/ w! }( G! z4 r; jsmart   物小巧而美丽的/人聪明而美丽的
, t, ^+ e) l9 G3 uhandsome     美观大方,制作精良(指物时)4 u5 }( s: ~+ E0 h% a
2 H( L2 g+ b& T# }/ ]0 B7 r
explosive    炸药(名词)
7 d6 ?3 j7 y* zbomb          炸弹) p) e2 P) u+ w  D' o7 ?( C3 |& ?: Y
explode -------  The bomb exploded.  (n.  explosion)
; Y: ~5 \/ f% @
8 @. ?  @6 O+ p; Lon the course      按照轨道运行
& R9 e6 ]( X+ boff  course   偏离轨,跑道,行程,轨道,课程
$ S& `7 _4 l+ v9 r; G# J7 o& V* S# l5 R" R* d( o2 l+ {) T
rival   势均力敌的对手(能力查不多,有的争)" G0 f7 s# \- W/ q
opponent   持相反意见的人
2 s0 h/ p/ x/ S# R) {competitor   参加比赛的人,市场上商家的对手)
: D1 z$ y4 F, V. g8 ?: N$ |- Z! K* y3 u
at the speed of   ...........的速度9 l+ }  W- U. F
3 speed,   4 speed   表示档位3 Z/ ?" d' a; Q$ O4 V
speed up   加速
7 j( o0 R$ }' H$ j1 i4 \' xspeed down  减速
# r. H0 E# _7 d: j) I4 H( I/ J, D# q1 H# G5 x* W
a great deal of ,   a large amount of    +  不可数名词
$ n2 x, O. [5 [. U0 Y: xThere was a great deal of excitement  人们非常激动(欢乐的海洋)
安静,努力,盼望.

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英文中的斜体字起强调作用0 k8 O- O) x/ d: j, x4 u
8 }& P2 S9 ]- Z" O! Y
any  在比较级中一旦出现,它往往+ 可数单数
4 P% Y; f. _) Z) q6 g/ Z  IBJ   is  bigger than  any  city.  (包括北京)
2 o; U% J. A  O+ r5 H, s...................................any  other city. (排除北京)+ n3 H/ H/ F+ T( j* D* h2 F
...................................other city else.( 排除北京)) j; I7 |5 f0 h0 u2 Q
# {% F. W3 \& N! L
rival    不包括自己,因为是对手  any of its rivals = any rival' G  ~, J) u) ]7 }$ m
如果是competitor,    也要用 any other competitor
: m# |" N) m4 ^5 J, m9 \' F* F6 x" p! [3 e3 M5 m
have trouble doing sth
7 j/ b  o4 s2 h0 {5 D9 O; f
: R/ a+ _) ]( G. G( r. @' Wno more than you    和你一样    no less than you  ?& D/ M8 f' a) w! l7 n/ H" \! |
There are no more than 100 students.  有100个学生% G& a( C6 z  N4 I: n

6 F& N& H0 e& i: anot less(=more) exciting  更令人激动
  n  Q$ ?, t0 j/ Q7 `5 H6 w5 z" Pnot more(=less) exciting
: V- t1 L" w* U* f1 N7 {+ D! G! c8 c
.................is held for............                比赛为 ............而! X3 b5 C$ F* D; e; N1 f
举办8 H' P2 R8 U. J
  `' p7 _- A9 A( v7 M! n

; O. j4 n( |' D0 l: j
. a/ u1 H3 Z$ t9 P$ b6 B
1 Z5 y+ C$ S- g. o8 f# mnot so/as...........as   不如
9 v: d1 o, w2 f; qless + 原形    不如
- G4 j( Y4 i6 k9 d- Y+ j& h$ v" x8 L& d% R, V5 g& }
be eager to do . {3 s0 `. o- W, E
) B: s+ W# k6 ?' I+ C
I dress myself.  因为反身代词不可作主语,用被动时I am dressed in....   
% z, R; w& p6 p3 J4 T2 A 是自己穿。$ Q" B; Z3 \+ S1 }) ^# @4 h; K

: J  x+ x5 A9 v+ L- Wthe way + 定语从句1 t: b! K2 K* F9 H- U+ q" L

  \: Z4 |7 y$ q& Pwith sth in hand* m- D2 J, ~0 @% T- K
with great difficutly
/ o7 t( [, f- ]' m- h) Z) z" q8 p+ J/ q- m
enjoy herself making sb do/ h( c. c+ Z' N$ a/ {" K7 ~% q. }
..............before finally buying the dress she had first asked for........
0 ?( ?& n& `, H- w- a8 Y) C: W% v...% i6 l7 C) b* M% G+ `' ]
4 N' o1 O' `7 K4 A; H
off------away from
+ }) `8 S4 `  W8 }    ------down from
安静,努力,盼望.

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make sb do sth     主动
! z: g3 I2 q0 U1 ]4 G0 s5 Y" J4 pbe made to do sth   被动
7 M& j5 H5 [% _, M; T6 R7 y0 C  ^6 H
after 可以放在句尾,副词表达方式later
. G& K& ^/ y( w; x: qthree days later, three days after, three days before3 C$ P9 {! M1 L* w, ^, t0 X
I have never seen it before.6 o) i5 y) k& o7 j4 p: `
8 L2 c: A: B2 y+ Q" i0 v4 [* i
by+ 主动语态的主语
" \0 l' o# M* a& h, ]  r! T4 G* QOn being told by an assistant that the dress was sold, the woman returned
% S( I( S5 [+ y0 }% v! B  k! _the following morning dressed in a fur coat., j2 W2 c% G: v8 k( V( @

! Y3 `1 u$ j/ o) A, qwhat a surprise(it was to.......); ]9 J6 e  Q  b: j! y! g2 {4 h7 _
What a surprise it was to send me flowers.0 M9 r0 E+ Q/ \" J/ K$ u
---在to do 结构中, 可以在前面表达动作由谁做+for sb2 V3 I' U1 Z2 A9 s' R/ b; f+ b0 V
What a surprise it was for you to send me............... Q' H3 M& j+ r* e

% C- w+ ?- ?4 E. l, h9 s+ B% N/ b7 N( m. M# x
Forgive me for not writing earlier, but.........
) S. K& ?2 S  a- N5 C$ ?+ m6 Q- w1 A% w6 N! N* O1 W; I" q0 T
in disguise 穿着伪装
( X" T% G+ }0 g0 vA blessing in disguise  因祸得福.
' @. H( T5 C3 [0 gA curse in disguise 因福得祸
0 G* h& O$ z% W2 _! uA wolf in disguise 穿着羊皮的狼7 [8 g. V& u1 B1 J
% c: M" [1 X- c7 T  b
sb possess sth
3 R8 B% N6 ?- X( g8 p
7 h3 t6 I! y( Z% L$ `- S# Z9 Q% W5 }cursed /id/----adj. 如果有 --ed 构成形容词2 U' C0 }) k& R9 K) B

' Q0 Q: t% H2 aTree planting day  植树日6 n) h- I! i6 c& t% N/ N
. k8 s& S% ^' ^
good/bad reputation8 P! R0 _+ X; _2 W. X; X- [
fame--- 一定好/ N+ a1 R' v' H/ F
; U1 P! B% ~# U8 m
DINK 丁克家族
; `0 E0 F+ e% W& g& d8 O' Wdouble income no kids
% m0 P2 P3 @1 S0 o& R2 q; s( P5 V& o- W# [! o2 ^
It is said that.............  据说! O" K3 C. X5 U" X9 z0 A
8 K5 B! G) G! P
sth called
$ }  u3 V0 p' W0 M. f# m5 f2 w; f" ~) L$ q" m# f, u9 L
和地点相连的词的名字用 OF( v5 e8 T# Z: i6 z3 R- I1 P$ [
the city of Beijing 名叫北京的城市
安静,努力,盼望.

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两种表达方式:7 @. M1 J/ d$ H- q' X# w
The village is said to+ v.+
; z  q/ @- t+ j# P4 _4 \% NIt is said that village possess a $ V/ t. U6 Z( B# Y/ p: ?8 e& d

1 D# u+ }' j2 I7 l$ X) j8 oin a newspaper 指内容里面, A) i- I+ u, A3 z4 [3 x5 n5 L0 M
on the newspaper
5 A! n$ Q1 u3 W* X' A/ m( [* j4 f, N4 z* k8 F9 N8 O
the number of .....谓语单数
; H# Q' t: S( N6 ^a number of=lots of ....... 谓语复数. v& K7 I3 {- j- F3 @
+ p6 N( e& V' J
Despite / in spite of ------用法,意义都一样
1 I7 @0 k5 S0 V% {( Z9 M/ M$ UIn spite of all that has been said.....
4 e8 ~4 z% H; T& N- n. Q7 TIn spite of 可以加what 引导的从句) F, h: L0 q$ f' E0 a/ e

8 L3 i+ u% [. j0 a1 M7 x4 Xpoverty-struck
0 d, t1 {+ ~1 R6 K; W) r
6 r2 t, N. c; F& |6 ?2 m) Y0 A) w9 `Could you make yourself known?5 v' ?* L8 {5 B0 f' J- m
Could you make yourself heard?
9 G6 f9 w6 n- k7 G" y5 k; F# h2 i
gain---get the reputation6 ]# o$ S& f/ w9 B, |
earn the reputation----通过努力得到的结果' n. P# P  e/ A' k) Q- \3 i

. q$ O0 I! R! \4 Y4 g2 Q表示数量增长:  K" O- U2 G% n2 l4 ?
The number is increasing/growing .3 W3 j, h; I/ t  z2 ~
grow + adj. 变得=get+ A; L. }, H3 z: M- u! n& e
grow old
$ Z' s3 Z, w0 U/ Q+ A
& a5 R/ l6 _) h9 L1 I3 Z0 c' @sb. is barking  某人发火,跳脚  u/ \- n, t7 R. R5 _- f6 u) M9 T
cat's paw  被人利用的人
1 v$ }% ~- O9 m. R! e2 tI don't want to be a cat's paw.
# P/ h" i& Y2 M9 ]9 ?
2 e" K8 x' }, ?4 `9 ^  Qexpert at/in doing....." }" Z) D; p  j, |  I
remove sth from....
7 N! L6 o3 U# h- V1 Z! J0 y& x" Qevery time= when  连词+句子* K5 h' `+ z' W' {/ I; v0 v
the moment + 句子(时间状语引导词,强调瞬间)
- G$ X, G5 d% Q3 K+ C( L5 ftrain sb to do' H( F6 c7 h  |: g8 K
8 ]2 K" H- D5 P# ], B6 H
so that--------连在一起时,表示目的(为了)---目的状语从句前一定要有情态动
6 e1 Q& L- Z- j& [8 n
4 Q, _/ z/ M! }' R/ fso...........that.........表示结果----结果状语从句,可以省略so 和that的任" s  g4 [! g( [8 R4 D
何一个
5 H1 r) ?7 A& Y" [: s, A8 H. q4 O! x# R* m& V7 U
since 放在句尾=since then
安静,努力,盼望.

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We stopped for my sister(不定式的逻辑主语) to have a rest.---do 的动作不
  f) i( @" G9 Y1 c, I是由主语做。
' y# m, J% V' V: `0 }9 HBring your umbrella in case it rains.(状语从句,没有将来时)+ a( a5 B* z5 {
so + 句子' X8 A! d+ g$ Z$ g3 r1 X+ D
so to----非谓语动词形式
3 T; x% }  ]9 N& ]- Sfor sb to do sth=so that sb do sth
" O! `9 ^  D( [5 M  `5 p& |$ R8 @- K" v- {* Z' u  R
xx  and xxx(若是同一类东西) was launched.......
# B- }5 V) @6 B2 f4 c: Vby the time-----到那时为止+句子, 但理解为before8 ~$ o6 w; s5 i5 ~4 V; N
thousands and thousands of......成千上万的
$ H- x$ a& [/ S9 @) ECould you make room (不可数) for me?
. d# ?9 x3 V$ j& ]& Jright from the start 强调
, D& l% v4 e9 [& o4 s9 }problem with sth: T& m3 a+ P( F4 P- x( e

# e) |: x3 I( Q, J0 }% d# Q% D将来完成进行时:will have been doing
% d7 e/ h. M/ p, m7 }$ A! ^* ?we will have been learning Book 2.
. Q& }4 U: f6 QBy Fri, midday, they will have been working it for seven days.有可能延续
7 x0 _$ }) e5 D8 d  K8 X3 d% e# p1 R) N) l5 R

% ^9 L  C4 t: [过去完成进行时:had been doing 到过去某一点时间为止动作一直在延续- V2 w) O" H; E( B2 ?! `
His father had been waiting for him until he came back.
" C% b0 @9 E, _" d2 H7 L% _1 p3 S! K2 l1 F: U: H$ w
price sth 打听价格进行比较' G' `; }) c6 c& E3 t( {1 X
I am pricing the TV set.' J, k7 c; q6 w+ n2 |$ `5 O
value sth  认为。。。有价值
$ t# x& R/ U1 T2 _I value your advice.( Q# V' {; B! x- W
value sth owned by oneself / value sth of one's own --------敝帚自珍
: R6 m0 i* t/ C& J6 {5 @& a4 S( r0 q9 U1 W, e
sharp rise at the cost of living 很大程度的上升7 K9 I' ^3 |  V6 n& W
I can manage it.2 h( G- k' [9 ~1 ^2 l5 L9 \
lonely + 人 ,                    / + 物时,表偏僻
- Z- P* d6 p/ E4 x# }desolate + 人,极度孤独 / +物时,荒凉无人烟
0 n# j/ V9 Y  Ithreaten to do (很少用). q" {( c9 r1 Q0 A1 j
threaten sb with sth 以。。。来威胁某人) f" i0 P8 p  }7 N
It threatened  to rain. 天要下雨了(有迹象表明,如乌云密布时)
) v& v, Y4 h0 ^! `3 u4 V6 |1 z  E! `2 R
surrounding  -----adj.  周围的( x1 `! G9 }) f3 l; G8 y
surroundings-----名词,环境
$ Z& `+ ]: k3 f" V8 A8 jflood=floods 无区别
9 R, o6 A7 l- T1 v+ g( Iauthority------权威" e. G. z9 g6 ?
authorities-----当局
. Q/ |: L1 D5 [. l& p3 c; _" j# k9 Pspray sth over/on
# u2 m, X% a0 Fdestroy---destruction/destructive毁灭性的
安静,努力,盼望.

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sth with good quality- Z( ]+ D: e$ X- c6 |6 j3 W
quantities of -----大量的
) z, H9 _$ }5 w. }; H8 A" L; q- ]$ g' Z
root of...
5 Z( ^  a; M. [root cause 根本原因9 f. r/ X7 r7 \( t' F+ B# B
take root  生根( _! |+ J- r% t  C/ U/ n; [
come out  长出来------flowers come out.; _. ^3 Y* Q0 B0 t4 S; a; M
a patch of 一小片( f% \; l1 _6 g/ z3 b
patches of.. 许多片 patches of green(名词) 一片绿地* N, ]6 {2 q. F
for miles around 方圆几英哩( w+ k) q" L/ b1 d" y' e0 S: W( j( h

; }$ C8 X' B0 e都可放在段时间后( C7 U% S0 f. E+ L/ S
a short time before从过去的某一点时间算起
9 X1 g8 V0 J6 i$ V2 x- @a short time ago 从现在算起
+ m& T  E8 x! N rise up from.......over跟烟雾连用时,译为“弥漫”the desolate hills.
% E- i5 D% k7 mwinter was coming on...季节的来临(固定用法); j6 L  ?7 g' G2 O! x

5 V  Q2 i+ S8 Q0 L+ ]' Z+ Win place of 替代(只能指代位置,空间,地点)
( P" f* A: H6 |- U8 l; ~% N3 lIn place of a cup, I put a vase there?
0 I+ t5 P, p: M: u, Gin stead of  + 事情; O1 w1 u1 F! |6 p' i6 C
admire sb. for sth.. 因为。。羡慕某人) x% V+ ^7 m, i+ e! d" e
I admire him for his richness/wealth.8 I" B$ o* t+ ~: u' ]& {

. C% D4 w7 \2 Y8 creception 在某种意义上等同与party 有的吃,有的玩。
0 G5 T( r+ i/ I5 A6 Kwedding reception 婚宴
1 U) Q  f9 [+ i5 C. J4 }news conference 新闻发布会1 z8 d0 [: }0 K" T

  T$ N4 b7 M8 f习惯上用sort 的时候:7 x! s6 T- S) z/ H
-----那种人: that sort of person" ^' e/ U0 H& _7 {
----含有讽刺意味 That's the sort of thing you like best.
; S) `8 M' V) F其他情况下,可与kind 互换- R: G& j# A% n1 F6 W( q

5 z/ T1 d, p1 _7 m8 `have a large circle of friends.5 j: Z  Q% i& m/ m
I am preparing a speech. prepare + 内容有关- \) X! e7 N; q5 [
I am  preparing for a speech. 后面不一定跟内容有关,如调调话筒什么的" h4 R8 L  F" I) {8 ~5 P" ?
9 g% L$ m: W  D0 a3 x
be disappointed by ..........因为某事而感到失望
- u+ l  E" {4 t. nwhy this was so -------this 可作主/宾7 F* T& I+ l; D
                            -------so 只可作宾,只能放在句子后面I refuse
2 Z/ b/ Z- b, g# Lto do so.
3 N9 R9 F, k; u8 O; r0 f, Iso many people 跟数字相关,一定要用so4 C# P: Z0 U) W! A/ u
& F% y$ l+ J" O& q3 a
It was a great success. 指 棒级了,很好,反响很好
安静,努力,盼望.

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与形容词和副词连用时,用a little
1 Q, m; t" r. X4 U  f1 |- r与名词连用,用little 和a little 都可以。# j0 D, f% T5 k, ~! @8 R) W3 j
I have little time/ I have a little time.5 i( k# ^  G2 g( _% s' r
somewhat= a little     There is somewhat higher than I expect.8 f/ r: t5 j$ {9 W
somehow 不知怎的,无论如何; h6 j: [8 L3 Q

' o: V" u* @7 b8 ^$ m4 K, {think highly of  高度赞扬
* X/ G( R7 j2 z: K8 HAir the room, please.
( ]; a% f! ?) q9 u0 ]( n8 m( HForced Ventilation 车上强制排风系统
2 p, a$ y, i1 t1 @6 M
9 S# N9 ?( H$ d. dsb. fear sth. 是习惯性4 ?( ^! k% h7 F2 @' q
I fear darkness/dog: @* U( W( Z- n8 b: c' w

" d- l4 t7 u6 j7 _! `sth. frighen/scare sb. 突然的事情
, J/ U& V  k3 x0 [2 p5 u# Z& V$ t: l6 g5 A3 j4 `* @
区分:
. M5 P1 l- r! y' Z  U) s* e" rofficially ---官方
$ ~% l! ~6 l7 xformally ----& W. b1 o" D; o6 ^' e+ n

+ Q3 Y6 w9 x! M. I  m0 Y/ r7 @* Gconnect sth with/to
  ?# Z' C5 Q1 N3 vEuropean---全部的欧洲国家) o6 r9 [& c6 w
European continent-----不包括岛国( J3 H6 }5 A+ c, t$ \% p0 f& ^9 w
% v  \( b& ~' M. d( H4 q6 N1 N% v" O; g
put  forward用于计划,建议的提出a plan ,suggestion.
/ P) Y4 Y2 b$ j- k6 X/ w# uSuggest::# |+ W2 ^& o1 \& [, @0 s  M6 t, S
-------指暗示时,用法与其他动词相同% D- D& H  v) X, P. s5 d( f
------指建议时,属於虚拟语气+动词的ing/ that +动词原形/+名词和代词- S$ l: J' E0 ^  W+ h$ o3 @! G

3 }8 `5 O! ]! F; Q" M7 a/ j4 Rinsist +从句用虚拟
& O  `' I% `& z% D& ~5 n7 E+ }" G6 W5 k  n" P# ^
draw in 吸进
( P9 l+ o7 l, L9 {) C# idraw up 签署/停下来
8 _, w. N- m8 m: E9 x% m与过去事实相反,主句--would have done,  从句---过去完成
- u2 A. ]6 F& S4 x与现在。。。。    ------be 动词,                 ------ 用were 代替6 B7 a7 E/ J0 N+ @
/ D1 x1 O4 C3 k, M0 b, R
wait for:
9 f4 o3 `/ H% @" A! Fwait for 5 mins  ( 加时间for 可省). g0 g; |8 L3 A3 z1 D3 U" z
I have waited 5 mins for  you. (这种用法比较好)
( ]2 C, v5 @5 J! W+ Pcould 可能
4 R0 R0 S% a8 L0 v7 W' F$ Bwould  将来可能
5 Q. ~' Y$ Y, @, f( r8 l9 i0 e9 C8 [
thanks to (to 是介词):4 `. Z+ Q6 x+ B: U0 K
Thanks to the English Channel which separate Britain form Europe, the county
安静,努力,盼望.

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has not been invaded since 1066
5 ?6 F8 U! R, r9 S: h7 y" O! z7 @* W1 b0 A& b7 Z& k- z  ~. b
now that 既然$ w  u0 [3 Z. B( I, ~
versus= V.S. 介词, 对,,,,5 Z, j) l+ X$ W
I will accompany you to your hotel.
2 u( k# _  K# \# @+ p! zThe old man approaches 80 years old.快到80 了
' s: D; ]/ w: i5 b, J- g( X/ wapproach sb.
, k! L9 Q. N+ h0 J( f( b  o7 dan approach to success.2 Y) {- d; j8 ^2 W' R: U2 }# L
+ n5 I" R4 A+ G  E0 l" I3 ~

$ e( O" R2 O( V3 ~& Omodal verb  情态动词:) G/ v# ]" A$ o  }3 A+ J/ q
ought to   义务
8 R. B0 r% h5 e  X1 g7 c0 o& b' A. Kshould 一般应该,如: 我认为' w# Z& F( G$ [8 M: O! c* X
sb. weight + 体重: ^! Q& C' Q. b5 U4 \4 N1 V
a guard of honor--仪仗队
5 w: Z6 C4 C% v) Q- z* I( Y3 N* x% H9 N* D, N
所有情态动词+have done 跟过去有关:
5 S! Z' V0 n3 F8 x& [! ~5 z------跟虚拟语气有关: would have done.
1 m3 m* h/ h2 C2 M/ T( t------表示猜测句型: may/must/can't have done
. u3 D5 e* Q$ X+ f-------本该   :  should have done/ought to have done/needn't have done.   k3 f, t+ z4 |- ^+ G
用情态动词时,多了一种可能性,其他动词说出来就是做了或是没做。) x+ N+ k7 |0 b6 L2 V5 F1 R
! X; c* c. N; R) w4 ^
agree to sth. (prep.)5 U3 x7 e+ C3 t" \2 R  i, t
agree to do sth (不定式)- i& ^$ D" T; G: Q" [5 W- f) `+ E4 Y
agree with sb.
' w1 H; t  m' s" g6 J/ r3 K, a
* u* b& l$ q, `, `* hrecord 警察局里的记录4 Y7 P+ y& g' o
resume 履历: y9 C/ ~6 R1 P; q  Q
- \: b/ }, Q  g1 y- Y9 x
bomber--- 轰炸机/投弹手
* s5 W0 M3 |5 X4 Uwreck ----强调坏了没用的东西 broken thing+ ]" w6 r; |3 }8 I! {. T2 R
wreckage---强调坏的东西成碎片 pieces of
" K3 D& o7 ~( n' d1 o# l& e
+ O( T4 D+ r- M) j. v( ?% Aretell 复述
) n, x2 R' V+ ?3 ]rewrite 改写  m' Q: {9 Z- k$ I
. j# M* j; F! R7 `. }
investigation
" u. g. c# Q' ?survey----一定跟数据有关
3 O! [8 v+ F1 P) P- [1 a
+ P* P% ~6 D' R" spack----小包,人能带走的
! Z5 d% M+ y' }* Q" b6 ^1 Rpackage---大包,人搬不动! {; h3 T! I7 L" B: T
package deal------把别的东西连带卖给你
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imagine doing /that/ G" }# N: k5 y7 Z2 E% O
imagine it ! 直接加宾语,表示让你想象不出来
0 U" v" }; S) |5 f+ R! l# E' Q/ e: y! O
colony ---殖民地,原指一群聚居在一起的生物3 }- |- d- ~3 K3 ^! {9 I6 S
a colony of ants/bees/artists.
/ |! E3 Y0 Z! ?9 H$ s+ b3 W" k* d* |- s
preserve---经过特殊手段而保存下来9 c* ?7 w( ?4 N0 S: v
bean curd 豆腐
6 P/ z+ x" d' i0 p) F2 e6 L& bpreserved curd 豆腐乳0 h7 \2 v; i% X( `7 T$ n
preserved meat  腊肉. d* M9 G* ]7 Z2 A# Q9 B
smoked fish  熏鱼8 Y4 N2 A" p. o! a

, n7 w/ k  N$ U6 Xstore 保存以便日后使用
9 a8 G7 _3 F4 k8 Z  l& zstore the cabbage.
9 d3 B  D2 A2 u; X2 R8 H7 _- r
; N6 J0 z0 r0 V1 i3 N. c+ {west/east/south/north of ........如果前面没有介词in/on/to, 就等同于to the
2 W: E4 [" H2 }0 T, Pwest/....of
  t- j0 q+ K% @; |, U, a: B) X. |A long way west of.....
. P* U, s( H5 {7 d& k# v8 H  Q  _5 r: L. k
over the new year=during the new year.; ~- |0 Z0 x- h6 c  e+ J6 ~9 w
; H0 |, B7 X% I& X& t" ~
remain + adj. 看成系动词
/ c4 w  f! W* v8 h- k4 q+ F# K+ b/ L4 T, e# o" ?2 n
Christmas is coming a  few days after the beginning of the winter.
7 v8 C+ R# g  v" lin .......condition....... 处於。。。状态
0 M+ S4 I, Y* v* S5 pin parts : little by little/ bit by bit.$ P  B- Y1 `* E5 p% W  i
Imagine my excitement, when I found............9 k6 z' p6 z" n3 A1 ]9 B$ S# f
+ A& |6 J. b1 ]. u, C0 x
break sth  open. 破着打开% c! w/ y2 C# X, ]6 p
cut it open 剪开
; n( q4 ^# ]6 l1 F) htear it open 撕开
& Q" s$ l9 M/ I3 J
) P; J/ N( w+ t7 Vsweet as honey
6 Q- F# z0 k6 `4 T5 v6 d, C6 n7 S4 F$ ^sticky as glue7 A$ W1 ]( k! y$ Q
strong as horse( l, b! T3 y* x2 `5 D+ ^6 Q9 F
busy as a bee) Q2 A# ^/ l0 P# K

5 V/ |2 R* O6 ~: m9 g* t" y  D集合名词作人看时,谓语复数  ]: w8 L# o8 b0 F* o( O6 V
my family are watching TV.+ Y" n. ^0 c  n4 F# j1 D- \  V+ s4 S
不作人看,单数- H. F3 J, k+ D- Q8 q
my family is happy.9 S  V" I5 k  V: g- q# ?

% ]& X6 a% H) Q- M. O: Factive积极/主动3 @/ ^$ C) p4 C9 w$ a' g$ W* m
passive 消极/被动
安静,努力,盼望.

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escape death 死里逃生
/ k" r, }  \2 s7 h2 y, M( v1 E2 ?narrow escape 九死一生) J% ]: l: o7 Z) s/ I
escape doing sth. ---He escaped being punished by .........
( Q) [, Y: s- A" k! |lively /ai/ girl------活泼有生气的女孩
) ~7 ?/ w& x* ?1 \' f$ C) L
8 N! j2 X$ y7 H“a”---asleep/alive/ahead 要作定语时,只能作后置定语* k8 {- i6 u6 G) U2 E) i
living sth 定语形容词
  I% _( `3 Z" Q( t. psth alive.
' i2 E( `# s4 F" y! l# | ! A/ s' i6 V$ L
risk sth  冒着失去。。。。的危险risk doing sth. 9 _6 ]7 v7 v& B# K# J
take a risk/ at a risk of .....
2 c8 u! z: ?9 C) w: l- p& B& |8 B
tell the difference between5 v' J  ~$ u6 e$ I. Y
tell the truth; g1 c  j$ U' [( P5 |5 @$ D
tell a lie
4 w" A3 k" T( ?, r! a3 e. g% `tell the time 问小孩看不看得懂" a; }5 {" }6 I  \' ?
) \2 h1 I. ^  x/ z
only just= almost not 差一点没
% @# j$ j; s$ W2 ^' non the subject of = about" ?) N; w  @% q9 c- p% Y
in the direction of =towards9 y. M7 _3 v0 E. Y, g
say a good word for sb. 为某人说好话,求情3 H6 J& V4 I9 \! j4 V

2 f1 d& {# W- _6 ]* R% \persist 不顾阻拦, 一味的坚持-----persistent.----persist in doing sth.
! \  g" C! u- d- X% b4 k! qperseverance  坚持不懈----persevere in doing sth 褒义词& V, n* x3 m1 y5 b, H* }
insist on doing sth 认为,说 ,是人的一种态度  X+ b/ J4 T' a% E9 R% V
avoid doing sth./ \& w5 }; w( V0 w4 ~1 s8 o3 M
+ A$ n4 u. B9 G6 i) ?: o
come doing /come shopping 店主说
* K- o9 C' v' [( W6 _, P( U& Hgo doing /go shopping 顾客说
. n$ j0 {0 W1 V+ x7 M0 W% t$ f: ?3 v# e0 X4 @
It's no use doing.....crying over the spilled milk.
$ A4 T6 b  G6 j) n( [appreciate doing or +noun
) |: I1 o) K1 g
4 ?* c, ~; i; W1 u) [8 @3 P6 tno matter + 特殊疑问词引导的从句' b3 `& ~" K0 B  K# z& m! [3 {
think of a way of doing 想一个作某事办法
( o; N1 U! n; ?/ l. z9 e! l: f& a9 ?  @% {* t
prevent sb from doing 4 V: h$ o) q* b
stop sb from doing/ P1 S8 J4 f# l, x0 F0 h* D
keep sb from doing
! s  V/ ~' H1 m" f- H) Y' h1 n3 Z( n  E6 V0 d; g  r1 @5 o
forbid sb to do- [% s. O& }# \) G' V5 W+ n* |3 e7 ?
allow sb to do
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Fancy/Imagine meeting you here! 真想不到会在这儿见到你
  M: L, ?' H1 c% x/ @% sfancy + 名词表示惊讶1 L: F) _( \/ s& ]7 J3 D1 W- i
; |! |7 F2 q. X, a9 T
Would you mind( my) coming with you?* A; `/ B, D9 D' j
mind +ing
- G5 P  }1 i+ @8 t  P4 c形容词性物主代词my/her/his /their/xiaozhang's $ L) p& G" e0 v6 h9 z8 o
would you  mind my opening the door?; ~5 i) G0 z/ z& j; n4 h- a
人称代词宾格me/her/him/them/xiaozhang/1 G; M" u8 }" J
如果是不定式,在To  前+ for sb. 作逻辑主语: W" }& l" y( |$ N9 H
) m$ P0 d" K& h
-----ing 的逻辑主语,四种形式,分两大类:
4 C: f4 k0 u: x" I% N. d1,作为代词,可以用人称代词宾格,也可以是形容词物主代词
1 A! m. [  ^) z, i/ |/ o2 f3 X2,作为名词,可以保持本身不变,也可以变成名词所有格my/me  可以互换: ^; l$ ~) }+ Q" o
would you mind my/me smoking?/ m- G' X' W7 p; `+ T: m6 Z3 Q! v6 B, `! s
would you mind me making myself at home?$ Q- Q$ c; o$ J. U- a
His leaving is a great loss.0 T# w4 N( |: y, S* R# x4 _2 D4 t0 K
Mother dislike my/me working late.
% q6 n) @5 ~. K2 T8 D4 L2 y; U, VJohn' s having seen her did make him worried.
4 G) N2 Q  r8 G, @ing 动名词可作主语----所有格(名词所有格,形容词物主代词( b9 A+ V8 D$ G! \: m2 V) e; |
。。。。。作宾语-----所有格,普通格
5 b% J' u2 z* W# J; r4 Q
/ o" g0 N) c4 _( W# R加ing   的动词,
( q) |4 ^3 A( {( J1 Iavoid, enjoy, finish, it is no use,  prevent sb from, fancy, imagine, escape,
, T" S7 x3 b) h' i% z2 trisk, allow, permit, delay, admit, deny, mind, practice, complete, appreciate,
0 j$ R1 K2 l# G: N+ l* R resent, give up,
: |  i! d" {6 I8 Q9 C+ K7 q' O2 x
, e4 d8 z: q+ ^1 r. Q1 |advise/allow 无人称时,动名词作宾语,doing sth,
! P! M3 K4 n) j+ D% Y/ T% f1 fadvise/allow sb. to do 不定式作主语,还有,permit, recommend.' J2 ?& u: G0 P; q& f% V1 [
2 `3 q& M% J1 }$ W. w+ c
what would you like to recommend?  饭店用
7 s5 m5 t8 \( X
* b+ ^7 G& e" m# ?: Yas .......因为.......whom 引导定语从句 ........in order to  目的状语
+ P- a$ {. @; u' ]1 S2 l/ M7 \-----As there was a dentist nearby whom she knew well, Elizabeth, decided % D$ t4 g8 a. N, m5 B* s4 j
to go there in order to explain what had happened.; H  H* P3 W1 h% d
1 t9 T% y2 k; B& U6 f2 L# v
After Elizabeth left, the dentist went into the waiting room and asked  - }' X+ L( S6 S- |8 @; U

8 m5 Y5 W- s" P( Q, u8 q. H. @# g
3 R  r( a6 ^' z. d4 j' E3 R& [! ^Less虚拟语气$ L% u' z; P/ R* \; q' t. {

  o- Y  l4 h" y3 B& R" W6 e8 x$ F                    
" `* D9 e1 {+ B8 O: D; i  虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,猜测, 建议7 V# a9 \* o+ @2 l6 a
等含义,虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
安静,努力,盼望.

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If I were you, I'd take them away. 6 M& Q& V+ P) Z9 q  }
                      : R* j4 w- ?1 u1 o
  如果我是你的话,我就会带走他们。 0 r. s: Q0 o: z6 U2 ~! j; y' |1 B$ Q
                      / _8 i2 g& t. V' x; c% N  }) ?
  If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.
! P4 o- J8 j# D' K# K! `1 N                     
  b5 H  ^5 Z+ |7 c  如果我碰见了李华,我就告诉了他了。
* T: |0 k& O6 q& R                     
) {$ @3 M! \$ r& Z/ z. j  If I had time. I could come to help you.
' V4 Y' R. Y! n6 B, z8 F2 ]3 O                     
1 D2 t; b- R2 @. n/ R. W4 r  如果我有时间,我会来帮助你的。
9 }4 y0 S2 H& s  j& }' p$ C7 e                      & ]: ^- b; H# a6 p& S( a: k
  He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. % I5 Z9 N7 a+ L
                     
9 A- d0 _2 m0 z  他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。
5 [3 G3 g0 `5 Z                     
" p2 c7 T/ C& u& j2 ~; r4 _  He speaks to us as if he had been there.
1 c2 C& Y+ D: W; a$ N                      / v5 I+ ]& R1 t# y
  他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。
0 f& ^$ x' C  b: d8 j' m" R0 S                     
: U& f6 Y8 D) Y  I  虚拟语气的用法 & g/ G) g& U4 n7 b+ k9 t
                      : N! F+ \/ P7 L, |% {0 B
  1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中,表示祝愿,命令。
( ]' q( _* _. ]% c                     
1 `. K$ C3 _: t# w1 C/ S  May you be happy. 2 u- j7 ]( L! g0 U
                     
) @9 G8 a( F: Y- e: \9 W  祝你幸福。
: _( f2 u& H0 {# F+ l) H* ~( K7 F/ U" g                     
' z& l! r; r1 [& h; h  May you have a good time. 6 K8 k5 B/ w7 U% P2 k
                      7 x" e: e+ V" \3 i  F* i6 p9 f2 K
  祝愿你玩的痛快。
6 i3 `9 h+ a5 ~' ~                     
5 s6 \3 }1 k$ c- g/ ^6 J  May the friendship between us last long. , F8 r9 e, ~$ f& j5 x* X9 z5 q
                     
  [$ p+ l- M5 Q, k1 p  祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
1 l( g6 x2 {9 {( E9 m9 q                     
0 ^2 T+ V/ L2 H0 D2 {  Have a good journey! + F( D7 z9 i0 @- X( b
                      ' E% i+ @( k9 {1 Y4 I1 x
  祝愿你旅途愉快!
7 r  s% t- _3 F4 b( L5 G" n+ N                      5 Z. f9 v3 ]2 p0 v$ E* y
  You go out! . Z. |# d7 ?5 h- j! N2 Y' N. `
                      / T/ Q. P% M9 H% @
  你出去! ! r# Y( O7 x+ ~: C7 P* J* L9 g* j
                   
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