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介宾结构的使用

        城市的午夜有灯光，城市的夏天有空调，城市的街道有公汽，城市比农村其实更适合人类居住。
Because of the brightness at midnight, because of the air conditioners in the hot summer, and because of the buses on the streets, big cities are more suitable to live than the small towns.
        Tom 在大学期间表现优秀，Tom 被选举为我们的班长。
Because Tom performed well during his undergraduate study, he was elected class representative.
Because of good performance during undergraduate study, Tom was elected class representative.
        道路穿越平原，向远方延伸。
Across the plain, the road extends far.
        经济无论停滞，还是经济发达，中国人民从来没有放弃对对美好未来的信心。
No matter in a stagnant economy, or in a advanced economy, Chinese people never lost their confidence in a prosperous future.
        我无法完成这个对于我来说很难的任务。
I can not complete the task beyond my capacity.
        核武器只能结束世界，而不能挽救世界。
Nuclear weapons could only end the world instead of saving it!
        城市不断的成长起来，冰的交易也随之不断的增加起来。
The ice trade grew with the growth of cities.
        经济不断发展起来，国际交易也随之不断的增加起来。
International trade grew with the growth of economy.
        伴随着现代化技术的发展中国电影工业成长起来。
Chinese Film Industrialization grows with the Development of Modern Technology.
        工业化发展加速，大城市变得越来越拥挤。
With the acceleration of industrial growth, big cities are becoming increasingly crowded.
        伴随着全球交流系统的发展，社会的每个方面-包括教育，政治，艺术，科学-都会受益。
With the growth of global communication network, every aspect of society—including education, politics, the arts, and the sciences—will benefit greatly.
        伴随着电脑的出现以及数字技术的发展，internet渗透到生活的每个角落。
With the advent of computers and with the development of digital technique, internet has been penetrated into every corners of people's life.
        伴随着电话在我们生活中出现，人和人之间的交流也变得越来越方便。
with the advent of telephone, communication between people are becoming easier.  
        伴随经济快速发展，我们的生活压力也变得越来越大。unbearable/ greater / fierce
with fast development of economy, our life pressure is becoming (increasingly) greater.
        Although E-Commerce grows rapidly, some retailers remain offline.
Despite rapid growth of E-Commerce, some retailers remain offline.
        Tom 在大学期间表现糟糕，Tom 被选举为我们的班长。
Though Tom did not perform well during undergraduate study, he was elected class representative.
Despite of his bad performance during undergraduate study, Tom was elected class representative.
        American troops are continuing their military operation in Iraq, although their action had been criticized severely all over the world.
American troops are continuing their military operation in Iraq, despite severe criticism all over the world.
        这种癌症药物具有一些不好的副作用，但是这些药仍然被在日本使用。
Despite some undesirable side effect, the cancer drug continues to be used in Japan.
        Plankton has enormous food potential, but little effort was made to farm plankton on land until recently.
Despite its enormous food potential, little effort was made to farm plankton on land until recently.
        时代发展相对和平稳定，计算机出现在我们的生活中，就算一些地区很遥远很难到达，那里的人们也能得到其他地方最新和最有用的信息
        In this relatively peaceful and stable time, with the advent of computers in our life, even in some hard accessible remote areas, people can get updated news and useful information from any other part of the world。

doing的使用

        他们站在那里半个小时，看天上的星星。
They stood there for half an hour, watching the stars in the sky.
        他站在那里，考虑着下一步的计划。
He stood there, thinking about how to do next.
        中国加入WTO，加速了经济的发展。---accelerate
China joined in the World Trade Organization, accelerating the development of economy.
        新文化运动在全国展开，鼓舞了很多年轻人加入。carry out
New culture Movement was carried out all over the country, encouraging many young people to join in.
        我们把经济迅速发展起来，却遗留下很多社会问题没有解决
We developed our economy fast, leaving many problem unsolved.
We developed our economy fast, leaving many problems to be solved.
        日本大量进口原材料，加速经济发展
Japan imported large amount of raw material, accelerating the development of economy.
        超过100个宗教的和社会的社区在19世纪的美国被创建，卷入了100，000男人，女人和孩子。
More than 100 religious and socialist communities were created in 19th-century America, involving an estimated 100,000 men, women, and children.
        科技进步已经替代了单纯的身体力量，这就允许女人来填充更多的社会角色。
Technological advances have replaced purely physical strength, allowing women to fill more roles in the society.
        为了吸引最好的候选人，国际大公司提供很多的教育机会和很好的工资，这使得在国际大公司的工作更有吸引力。
In an effort to attract the best candidates, many international companies offer many educational opportunities and good salaries, making jobs in the international companies more attractive.
        专家们在那个城市花了几个星期的时间，在警察的帮助下调查一些社会问题。
Experts spent weeks in the city, investigating the social problems with the help of police men.

状语从句的使用

        Tom努力学习，为了成为新东方最好的学生。
Tom studied hard in order that he could become a top student in New Oriental School
        这女孩真漂亮，每个人都被她吸引了。
the girl is so beautiful that everyone is attracted.
        Tom 为这次科学竞赛作了充足准备，他在竞赛中获得奖品。
Because Tom made full preparation for the science competition, he won the prize.

when, while, although, though, if, unless的省略结构：

        Tom got hurt when (Tom was) climbing the mountain.
        Although (Tom was) hurt, Tom went to school.
        Carson never lost her heart when confronting with temporary difficulties.
        Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton withstand considerable impact.
        Even though relatively costly, the new machine is highly efficient and needs servicing infrequently.
        Though remembered mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf.
        作者出生于芝加哥，但是他却因为写纽约的故事而广为人知。
Although born in Chicago, the author is most famous for his stories about New York City.
        如果这个问题被给与更多的注意和关心，问题早就被解决了。
If given more attention and concern, the problem would have been solved earlier.

同位语

        Tom是个农民的儿子，他被选举为我们的班长.
Tom, a son of a farmer, was elected the class representative in our class.
The origin of our highest accomplishment – literature, law, and science — can be traced back to a play impulse。
        新东方是一所英语培训学校，经过10年的发展之后成为中国最大的培训教育中心。
New oriental school, an English training school in china, has become the biggest educational training center after 10 years development。
        博士学位是一种很传统的学位， 代表着高级学术成就的最高水平。
The Ph.D., a traditional degree, signifies the highest level of advanced scholarly attainment.
        Jessica是个美国女孩，代表我们在会议上发言。signify / represent
Jessica, an American girl, represented us to speak at the meeting.

分词作定语

        那个女孩正在跳舞，她上周在科学竞赛中赢得了奖品。
The girl, dancing over there, won the prize in the science competition last week.
        那个女孩昨天被Tom 邀请到party，她上周在科学竞赛中赢得了奖品。
The girl, invited by Tom to the party yesterday, won the prize in the science competition last week.
        一门语言的标准化使用包括标准的词语和表达，这些标准的词语和表达能被这门语言的大多数使用者在任何情况下理解。
Standard usage of a language includes the standard words and expressions understood, by a majority of the speakers of this language in any situation.
        俚语 (slang)指词语和表达。这些词语和表达可以被大多数的说话者理解，但是却不能被接受为正式的使用
Slang refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers, but not accepted as formal usage by majority.
        美国的经济体系由各种各样的产品购成，这些产品就是不断的被买与被卖的产品；这个复杂的价格系统还由各种各样的服务构成，这些服务包括交通服务和教育服务。
The economic system of the United States is composed of the products bought and sold constantly as well as all services, including transportation and education services.

定语从句作定语

        我喜欢北京，我在北京学英语。
I love Beijing, in which I am studying my English.
        She has three girls. ---主句
who are all working in a hospital. ---从1
whom Tom invited to the party last night. ---从2
the youngest one of whom Tom married. ---从3
        I bought the house. ---主句
which once belonged to my neighbor. ---从1
in which my neighbor has lived for 30 years. ---从2
which is one of the most beautiful buildings in the town. ---从3
One room of which is used as my reading room now. ---从4
        the brook farm association had a school with a six-year college preparation course, three years of the preparation course were given to acquiring a knowledge of farming.
the brook farm association had a school with a six-year college preparation course, of which three years were given to acquiring a knowledge of farming.
        19th century is a special period, in this period the United States greatly expanded its territory and its economy.
19th century is a special period in which the United States greatly expanded its territory and its economy.
        Some people are unwilling to risk failure; these people are not capable of achieving big successes.
People who are unwilling to risk failure are not capable of achieving big successes.
        Carson was born in 1907 on a farm, many people lived and worked for the farm, Carson was a highly respected writer on scientific topics.
Rachel Carson, who was born in 1907 on a farm for which many people lived and worked, was a highly respected writer on scientific topics.
Carson, a highly respected writer on scientific topics, was born in 1907 on a farm for which many people lived and worked.
        Tap dancing is an American dance form; it was popularized by Hollywood movies.
Tap dancing, an American dance form, was popularized by Hollywood movies。

[ 本帖最后由 tracy24 于 2006-9-18 07:01 编辑 ]

句子的融合

        America’s War of Independence helps the rebirth of a modern nation, that nation is Canada, Canada received its first population influx from thousands of people, those people fled from the United States. .
America’s War of Independence helps the rebirth of a modern nation, Canada, which received its first population influx from thousands of people who fled from the United States
        Television is the most pervasive (普遍的) and attractive of modern technologies, it is marked by (具有…特征) rapid change and growth, TV is moving into a new era., this era will reshape our lives and our world.
Television -- the most pervasive and attractive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth – is moving into a new era, which will reshape our lives and our world.
        I know the three girls, They all graduated from the same university, the program leader awarded the prize to the youngest one of them.
I know the three girls who all graduated from the same university, the youngest one of whom the program leader awarded the prize to. ---complicated
I know the three girls who all graduated from the same university。The program leader awarded the prize to the youngest one of them. ---better
        Henry Ford’s name is normally associated with the concept of mass production; He should receive equal credit for introducing labor practices; That labor practices would be considered advanced even by today’s standards.
Although (Henry Ford’s name is) normally associated with the concept of mass production, he should receive equal credit for introducing labor practices which would be considered advanced even by today’s standards.
        Nuclear energy is clean and economical; Nuclear plants can produce vast amounts of energy; Local residents are very concerned about safety; They hold a strong negative attitude toward them.
Nuclear plants can produce vast amounts of energy which is clean and economical; however, local residents who are very concerned about safety hold a strong negative attitude toward them.
        Natural resources are very limited and will be exhausted in the near future; This idea may not be true; But people over the world are much concerned about it.
The idea that natural resources are very limited and will be exhausted in the near future may not be true; people over the world, however, are much concerned about it.
        Tuition fees are soaring; Getting their children into college continues to be the goal of millions of Chinese people; They think higher education will bring their children good jobs.
Despite the soaring tuition fees, getting their children into colleges continues to be the goal of millions of Chinese people who think higher education will bring them a good job.
        The essential difference between the succeeded people and failed people is not the number of opportunities; It is how they can take advantage of opportunities; Opportunities will inevitably arise in the course of one’s life, though they are rare.
The essential difference between the succeeded people and failed people is not the number of opportunities, but how they take advantage of opportunities which will inevitably arise in the course of one's life, though rare.
One essential difference between those who succeed and those who fail is how they take advantage of opportunities instead of (rather than) the number of opportunities, which will inevitably arise in the course of one's life, though rare.

名词的延展

        In New Oriental School I learned my English.8
①        New Oriental School is the biggest language training center in China.
②        English is essential in both modern life and in our jobs.
        Jinxin teaches Reading.
①        Jinxin is a man with short black hair and light skin, he looks like a gentleman.
②        Reading is one of the most important part in  iBT exam.  
③        iBT is designed to test the English ability of foreign students.
④        these foreign students want to study in America or Canada.
        Parents are the best teachers. ---5
①        children spend most of our time with parents.
②        the best teachers can offer children not only knowledge in books, but also life experience.
        There are many differences between the warm-blooded animal and the cold-blooded animal.10
①        Warm-blooded animal maintains a constant body temperature
②        Cold-blooded animal’s body temperature varies with their environment.
        Tom won the prize in the science competition.-8
①        Tom came from Beijing University.
②        Tom is a boy with long curly hair and dark skin.
③        The prize was awarded to the best students majoring mathematics.
④        the prize includes a scholarship of totaling 21,000$ and a bunch of flowers.
⑤        the science competition attracted about 10,000 students to join in.
⑥        the intention of the science competition is to select the best students majoring in mathematics.
        TV has greatly changed lives of people.
①        TV is one of the most pervasive modern technology
②        especially people spend pretty much time watching TV.
        Most people prefer to live in the big cities.
①        they want better education, or they are trying to develop their personal career.
②        big cities can provided people with better living conditions including job, housing, medical attention, nursing, and education.
        There are many differences between the old generation and the young generation.
①        the old generation love to stay with family, take responsibility and behave in good manners
②        the young generation are encouraged to be independent, special and open-minded.
        Canada immigrants often suffer from the pain and frustration.
①        Canada immigrants come to live in Canada from other countries
②        most immigrants can experience the pain and frustration.
③        they live in two cultures

倒装句

        A reef of living coral, the only one of the kinds in the continental United States lies along the curve of islands
Along the curve of islands lies a reef of living coral, the only one of the kinds in the continental United States.
        The proposed health clinics and the proposed center were also supported by the commission + the proposed center distributes information on job training opportunities.
Also supported by the commission were the proposed health clinics and the proposed center which distributes information on job training opportunities.
        A job directory and a list of job referral centers are available through the school’s guidance office + which provide information for students in need of employment.
Available through the school’s guidance office are a job directory and a list of job referral centers that provide information for students in need of employment.
        The sources of the river are in the foothills of that large mountain range. + The course of the river was not fully mapped until this century.
In the foothills of that large mountain range are the sources of the river, the course of which was not fully mapped until this century.
In the foothills of that large mountain range are the sources of the river whose course was not fully mapped until this century.

The difference / similarity between A and B lies in….

        The difference between Jinxin and Zhangfan lies in personality.
        金鑫的课和张帆的课的不同存在于科目
The difference between lessons of Jinxin and those of Zhangfan lies in the subject.
        金鑫的教学风格和张帆的教学风格的相同之处在于他们都教得很幽默。
The similarity between teaching style of Jinxin and that of Zhangfan lies in the fact that they both teach in a humorous way.
        中国人的生活格调和美国人的生活格调之间的不同存在于两国文化的不同
The differences between life style of Chinese people and that of Americans lie in the cultural differences between two countries.
        小汽车旅行方式和自行车旅行的方式的不同存在于很多方面，比如速度，效率，安全…
The differences between the way of car traveling and that of bicycle traveling lie in the many aspects, such as speed, efficiency, safety…
        父母和老师之间的相同之处就在于他们都对孩子的行为，态度，和思维有很大的影响
The similarity between parents and teachers lies in the fact that they both can have a great impact upon the behaviors, attitudes, and thoughts of children.
        城市和农村的最大不同就在于城市可以提供好的生活设施，但是农村却不能。
The difference between big cities and small towns lies in the fact that big cities can provide people with better living facilities, whereas small towns can not.

        A is more than B

        生活在大城市的优势要远远超过生活在小城镇的优势，在小城镇里人们很少能有机会得到好的教育和工作。--- outweigh
Advantages of living in the big cities far outweigh those of living in the small towns. In the small towns people can seldom get chance for good education and jobs.
        Schubert 写的歌曲要比Brita写的歌曲更好。
The song by Schubert is more wonderful than that by Brita．
        Schubert的歌比起那个乐队表演的歌更好。
The song by Schubert is more wonderful than that (which was) performed by the band.
        Schubert 在1998年在美国写的歌比起那个乐队在Brita 的生日聚会上表演的歌更好。
The song written by Schubert in 1998 in US is more wonderful than that (which was) performed by the band in Brita’s birthday party.
        新东方学校的学生的英语成绩要比那些从来没有参加过任何的英语培训课程的学生的英语成绩好。
The English scores of students in New Oriental School are much better than those of people who didn’t attend any English training course.
        我们今天所面临的问题比起这个国家在1930年代面临的更复杂。confront, complex
The problem which we are confronting today is more complex than that which the nation confronted in the 1930s．
        能用电脑处理办公工作的人们比起不能用电脑处理办公工作的人们是更有效率的
People who can use computers to handle the office work are more efficient than those who can not.

[ 本帖最后由 tracy24 于 2006-9-18 06:56 编辑 ]

借鉴结构

句型1
        Maybe you are not a student with high intelligence.
        America is not a country with long history.
        我的邻居可以不是个人声经历丰富的人，但是必须是有礼貌的人。
My neighbors may not be people with plenty of life experience, but they have to be the ones with good manners.
        一个好的supervisor 因该具有丰富的经验。
A good supervisor should be a person with plenty of business experience.
        每个人都希望成为聪明人。
Everybody wants to become someone with high intelligence.
        每个人都希望成长在高质量的教育环境里，这种教育环境只有大城市才能提供。
Everyone wants to grow up in an environment with high quality of education which can only be offered in the big cities.
Few issues are as likely to provoke widespread interest as that involving possible danger to the health or safety of children.

句型2
        很少有问题能够激起广泛的兴趣，比起关于工作场所安全的问题。concerning . workplace
        few issues are as likely to provoke widespread interest as that concerning the safety in the workplace.
        很少有计划会引起更广泛的公众注意，比起关于在社区里建造一个工厂的计划。attract/ widespread / public attention / community
        Few plans are as likely to attract widespread public attention as that concerning building a factory in the community.
        很少人能吸引公众的注意力，比起金鑫，他是个浅色皮肤的人，看起来像个绅士。
        Few people are as likely to attract more public attention as Jin, a light-skin man, who looks like a gentlemen.

句型3
        Studying for an MBA degree at a top private school provides students with definite advantages.
        The big cities provide people with definite advantages.
        those people want better life condition and more education opportunities
        Restaurants provide people with definite advantages.
        Those people have the requirement of food diversity and efficiency.

句型4
        Students who decide not to select a private institution because of the cost alone may be making a serious mistake because they may be able to earn back the initial investment quickly and have a higher-paying job at the same time.
        仅仅因为花费而决定不在饭店吃饭的人可能犯了错误，因为他们会失去享受各种事物和愉悦的就餐环境的机会。
People who decide not to eat in the restaurants because of the cost alone may be making a serious mistake because they will lose the chance to enjoy diverse food and pleasant dinning environment.
        人们不去大学，因为大学只提供抽象的理论而不是生活经验，那么他们可能错了，因为他们失去了学习综合知识的机会，这些综合类知识会为他们将来的前途提供准备。
People may be making a serious mistake because they may lose the chance to acquire comprehensive knowledge.
who decide not to go to university because universities provide people more abstract theories instead of life experience.
which will prepare them in their future career.

句型5
        Mantle was fast and powerful player, a switch-hitter, who could bat both right-handed and left-handed.
        在一天结束的时候在家里做饭，并且和家里人一起吃饭是老一代人的习惯和传统，这个传统正在被越来越多的人们忘记。
cooking at home and eating with family at the end of the day has been a habit in the old generation, a tradition which more and more people are forgetting these days by the young generation
        北京是首都， 北京是个有吸引力的地方， 中国历史上的几个重要的皇帝都住在北京并且建造他们的宫殿。
Beijing is a capital city, an attractive place, in which several important kings in the Chinese history had built their palaces in Beijing
        电视是最普遍的现代技术，电视机十年前就进入我们的生活，它对我们的生活方式和思维都有很大的影响。
TV, the most pervasive modern technology, which has entered people’s lives several decades ago, has great impact on both our life-style and our thought.
        我要选择汽车。它是最方便的现代化交通工具，汽车使得令人疲倦的长途旅行更加舒适。
I would choose car, the most convenient modern transport facility, which has made the exhausting long travel comfortable.
        One good example is Roberto Goizueta, a Cuban-born American who has been a chairman for over a decade in Coca-Cola Company.
        One good example is Yezhu, a kind of wild pig in my country, which is one of most crucial animals in the world.
        One good example is Tieling, a small town near Beijing in China, where people can hardly find a cinema to enjoy a movie.
        Universities bring valuable knowledge for many students, such as Jinxin, a 24-year old student graduated from a top business school in the university, who is working in an established software company.
        Universities bring valuable knowledge for many students, such as Jinxin, a famous scientist in my country, who graduated from Qinghua University.
        A poll conducted by students in Free Enterprise, an organization that helps students develop leadership skills, revealed that 66 percent of American college students believe they will one day own their own business.
        A survey conducted by people in Yancaoweiyuanhui, an organization that helps people stay away from the harm of smoking, revealed that more than one million people died of diseases linked with smoking.
        a survey conducted by people in Juweihui, an organization that helps city residents solve their daily problems revealed that most of people don’t want a factory to be built in their communities.

句型-6/7

        The seemingly reasonable claim that organic food is nutritious and healthy make it difficult for the general public to separate fact from fiction; however, it is not supported by scientific evidence。
        The advantage of bicycle traveling is now being debated.

结构安排

        首段：introduction
        正文：development
                 ---1st main point
                  ---2nd main point
                  ---3rd main point
        结尾：summery

        Some people prefer to spend most of their time alone. Others like to be with friends most of the time. Do you prefer to spend your time alone or with friends? Use specific reasons to support your answer.
Background Info &
Thesis Statement        每个人度过时间的方式不同；
我喜欢和朋友一起度过

   Development        1.互相学习
        2. 提高与人交往的能力
        3.分享快乐
    Summery        因此与朋友共同度过

        Some people enjoy change and new experiences. Others like their lives to stay the same and do not change their usual habits. Compare these two approaches to life. Which approach do you prefer? Explain why
Background Info        Different life style


  Development        Advantages of New Experiences
---Make friends
---Bring new idea…
        Advantages of staying same
---stable life style
---have life-long friendship
    Summery        I prefer to change (Be an extrovert person &Job property)，therefore…

        All students should be required to study art and music in secondary school. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific reasons to support your answer.
Background Info&
Thesis Statement        M&A are necessary part of education, but shouldn’t start too early


   Development        1. Hard subjects to understand
        2. Occupy too much time
        3. advantage of learning them;   however, we can see more disadvantages…
    Summery        Therefore, music and art should not required in 2nd school

        It is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
Background & Thesis        HL and SM are both important and necessary --disagree with the opinion


   Development        1. Same weight in the exam
        2. Different functions in developing one person
        3. 让步段—There is no doubt that art is an invaluable way in presenting and explaining different cultural behaviors; however
    Summery        Although HL are more frequently used in daily life…we can assert that …

[ 本帖最后由 tracy24 于 2006-9-18 06:56 编辑 ]

借鉴结构

句型1
        Maybe you are not a student with high intelligence.
        America is not a country with long history.
        我的邻居可以不是个人声经历丰富的人，但是必须是有礼貌的人。
My neighbors may not be people with plenty of life experience, but they have to be the ones with good manners.
        一个好的supervisor 因该具有丰富的经验。
A good supervisor should be a person with plenty of business experience.
        每个人都希望成为聪明人。
Everybody wants to become someone with high intelligence.
        每个人都希望成长在高质量的教育环境里，这种教育环境只有大城市才能提供。
Everyone wants to grow up in an environment with high quality of education which can only be offered in the big cities.
Few issues are as likely to provoke widespread interest as that involving possible danger to the health or safety of children.

句型2
        很少有问题能够激起广泛的兴趣，比起关于工作场所安全的问题。concerning . workplace
        few issues are as likely to provoke widespread interest as that concerning the safety in the workplace.
        很少有计划会引起更广泛的公众注意，比起关于在社区里建造一个工厂的计划。attract/ widespread / public attention / community
        Few plans are as likely to attract widespread public attention as that concerning building a factory in the community.
        很少人能吸引公众的注意力，比起金鑫，他是个浅色皮肤的人，看起来像个绅士。
        Few people are as likely to attract more public attention as Jin, a light-skin man, who looks like a gentlemen.

句型3
        Studying for an MBA degree at a top private school provides students with definite advantages.
        The big cities provide people with definite advantages.
        those people want better life condition and more education opportunities
        Restaurants provide people with definite advantages.
        Those people have the requirement of food diversity and efficiency.

句型4
        Students who decide not to select a private institution because of the cost alone may be making a serious mistake because they may be able to earn back the initial investment quickly and have a higher-paying job at the same time.
        仅仅因为花费而决定不在饭店吃饭的人可能犯了错误，因为他们会失去享受各种事物和愉悦的就餐环境的机会。
People who decide not to eat in the restaurants because of the cost alone may be making a serious mistake because they will lose the chance to enjoy diverse food and pleasant dinning environment.
        人们不去大学，因为大学只提供抽象的理论而不是生活经验，那么他们可能错了，因为他们失去了学习综合知识的机会，这些综合类知识会为他们将来的前途提供准备。
People may be making a serious mistake because they may lose the chance to acquire comprehensive knowledge.
who decide not to go to university because universities provide people more abstract theories instead of life experience.
which will prepare them in their future career.

句型5
        Mantle was fast and powerful player, a switch-hitter, who could bat both right-handed and left-handed.
        在一天结束的时候在家里做饭，并且和家里人一起吃饭是老一代人的习惯和传统，这个传统正在被越来越多的人们忘记。
cooking at home and eating with family at the end of the day has been a habit in the old generation, a tradition which more and more people are forgetting these days by the young generation
        北京是首都， 北京是个有吸引力的地方， 中国历史上的几个重要的皇帝都住在北京并且建造他们的宫殿。
Beijing is a capital city, an attractive place, in which several important kings in the Chinese history had built their palaces in Beijing
        电视是最普遍的现代技术，电视机十年前就进入我们的生活，它对我们的生活方式和思维都有很大的影响。
TV, the most pervasive modern technology, which has entered people’s lives several decades ago, has great impact on both our life-style and our thought.
        我要选择汽车。它是最方便的现代化交通工具，汽车使得令人疲倦的长途旅行更加舒适。
I would choose car, the most convenient modern transport facility, which has made the exhausting long travel comfortable.
        One good example is Roberto Goizueta, a Cuban-born American who has been a chairman for over a decade in Coca-Cola Company.
        One good example is Yezhu, a kind of wild pig in my country, which is one of most crucial animals in the world.
        One good example is Tieling, a small town near Beijing in China, where people can hardly find a cinema to enjoy a movie.
        Universities bring valuable knowledge for many students, such as Jinxin, a 24-year old student graduated from a top business school in the university, who is working in an established software company.
        Universities bring valuable knowledge for many students, such as Jinxin, a famous scientist in my country, who graduated from Qinghua University.
        A poll conducted by students in Free Enterprise, an organization that helps students develop leadership skills, revealed that 66 percent of American college students believe they will one day own their own business.
        A survey conducted by people in Yancaoweiyuanhui, an organization that helps people stay away from the harm of smoking, revealed that more than one million people died of diseases linked with smoking.
        a survey conducted by people in Juweihui, an organization that helps city residents solve their daily problems revealed that most of people don’t want a factory to be built in their communities.

句型-6/7

        The seemingly reasonable claim that organic food is nutritious and healthy make it difficult for the general public to separate fact from fiction; however, it is not supported by scientific evidence。
        The advantage of bicycle traveling is now being debated.

结构安排

        首段：introduction
        正文：development
                 ---1st main point
                  ---2nd main point
                  ---3rd main point
        结尾：summery

        Some people prefer to spend most of their time alone. Others like to be with friends most of the time. Do you prefer to spend your time alone or with friends? Use specific reasons to support your answer.
Background Info &
Thesis Statement        每个人度过时间的方式不同；
我喜欢和朋友一起度过

   Development        1.互相学习
        2. 提高与人交往的能力
        3.分享快乐
    Summery        因此与朋友共同度过

        Some people enjoy change and new experiences. Others like their lives to stay the same and do not change their usual habits. Compare these two approaches to life. Which approach do you prefer? Explain why
Background Info        Different life style


  Development        Advantages of New Experiences
---Make friends
---Bring new idea…
        Advantages of staying same
---stable life style
---have life-long friendship
    Summery        I prefer to change (Be an extrovert person &Job property)，therefore…

        All students should be required to study art and music in secondary school. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific reasons to support your answer.
Background Info&
Thesis Statement        M&A are necessary part of education, but shouldn’t start too early


   Development        1. Hard subjects to understand
        2. Occupy too much time
        3. advantage of learning them;   however, we can see more disadvantages…
    Summery        Therefore, music and art should not required in 2nd school

        It is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
Background & Thesis        HL and SM are both important and necessary --disagree with the opinion


   Development        1. Same weight in the exam
        2. Different functions in developing one person
        3. 让步段—There is no doubt that art is an invaluable way in presenting and explaining different cultural behaviors; however
    Summery        Although HL are more frequently used in daily life…we can assert that …

[ 本帖最后由 tracy24 于 2006-9-18 06:57 编辑 ]

        What do you consider to be the most important room in a house? Why is this room more important to you than any other room? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
Background Info&
Thesis Statement        Different rooms in a house
Sleeping Room


   Development        1. Quiet place for thinking and learning
        2. Private room in the house
        3. Spend 1/3 time of day sleeping
    Summery        Therefore, it is most important room

结构安排要素


Introduction        引入: background info /concept intro
        个人观点: thesis statement
        过渡到原因段: transition sentence


Development        列举原因: indicating words
        主题句: topic sentence
        原因段过渡: transition sentence
        事实与举例: data and examples
        让步段: take a step back
Summery        重述观点: restate your idea in brevity

理论引入

        Now, it is generally accepted that…
        It is commonly accepted that …
        It is commonly thought that …
        There is a general debate on / that…
        There is a general discussion these days that …
        There is a growing tendency these days that …
        An increasing number of people are beginning to
    realize that…
        There is no denying the fact that…
        the problem that … has caused wide public concern  

事实引入

        There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college students' doing a part-time job.
        Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.
        There is a general discussion these days that if governments should spend more money on improving roads and highways, or on improving public transportation .

观点倾向

        People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
        People seem to fail to take into account the fact that eating at home will bring a lot of trouble in preparing and cooking.
        However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

个人观点

        As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.　
        For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:
        As far as I am concerned, education is a life long study.

原因引入

        My reasons are listed below:
        There are numerous reasons for …, but I would only explore a few of them below:
        There are several reasons and agreements to support my idea. Here, I intend to explain couple of reasons.
        i agree with… for the following reasons:
        my arguments are listed as follows.
        I will try to prove my point by the following ideas.
        the most important reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe…

原因列举

1）first, second, third, last
2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally
3）the first, the second, the third, the last
4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly        
5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally
6）to start with, next, in addition, finally
7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least
8）most important of all, moreover, finally
9）on the one hand, on the other hand
10）for one thing, for another thing

主题句

        Eating in the restaurant
firstly, I can save a lot of time by getting food from restaurant as, I don’t have to go for vegetables and grocery shopping.
In addition, in restaurant I get a variety of food choice.
lastly, in restaurant the food is served with beautiful garnishing that tempts for eating.  

        The best qualities of a neighbor
The first quality that good neighbors should have is to be respectful.
Another quality of a good neighbor is that he should be friendly.
The last quality of good neighbor is that it should be helpful.

原因过渡

        This reason alone, however, could not explain why I choose to live in the big cities.
        Although the first reason I mentioned above is probably the most important reason, it is not the only explanation for why TV has improved the communication among people.
        Although the first reason I mentioned above is probably the most important reason, saving time also helps to explain why I choose to eat in the restaurant.
        Although economics is probably the most important determinant, it is not the only explanation for the baby boom. the increased value placed on the idea of the family also helps to explain this rise in birth rates.

举例子

        Such as
        For instance
        To take … as an example,
        One example is…,
        Another example is…,
        for example
        In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colors, cartoon films and human performance. For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they film him or her.

让步句

        there is no denying that …
        there is no doubt that …
        it is true that …
        although ….
        Some people may argue that…
        别忘了从对立的话题回转: but, however…

总结句

From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play more important role than artistic and cultural projects in people’s life.

From what has been discussed above, we may safely-draw a-conclusion that, although the parents’ desire to look after children by themselves in understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.

From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure lifestyle is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society.

In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on their lives.

中间段的展开

1. 主题句
2. 主题句的展开
------原因展开
------对比展开
3. 举例子 （general / specific）
4. 段落小结
5. 过度句

        城市提供更多的工作机会

1.        主题句的表达
There are more job opportunities readily available in big cities than in a small town.
Big cities can offer more job opportunities than small towns.
Compared with small towns, big cities can offer more job opportunities.

2.        展开主题句
In the big cities, there are more modern and international companies which need a large number of people to undertake the tasks; consequently, job opportunities were created in the big cities.

3.        举例子
For example，in almost every big city, there are thousands of companies, including both domestic companies and international companies, which offer millions of positions for those who are eager to work and live in the city.

To take Beijing as an example. There are thousands of companies, including big international companies such as IBM, DELL… and millions of 1000 positions which can be offered to residents living or working in Beijing.

4.        段落小结
However, you can hardly find these job opportunities in a small town. ---逆向总结
Therefore, it is easier for people to find a job in big cities than in small towns.---顺向总结

        城市提供更多的受教育机会

1.        主题句的表达
There are more educational opportunities readily available in big cities than in a small town.
Big cities can offer more educational opportunities than small towns.
Compared with small towns, big cities can offer more educational opportunities.

2.        展开主题句
Compared with small towns, in the big cities there are more schools, more colleges and more universities which can offer more educational opportunities for both children and adults.
According to a recent survey, a majority number of schools, colleges and universities located in big cities, which offer educational opportunities for city residents.

3.        举例子
For example, more than 90% city residents in big cities can get at least 12-year educational opportunities, but in small towns people often quit schools in their early time because of lack of faculty or facilities.
Beijing has hundreds of colleges and universities which now provide tens of thousands of people to study in the city, and 80 percent of people in Beijing hold a college degree or have a chance to get a degree in the university; in Langfang, a small town in china, however, you can hardly find even one university.

4.        段落小结
All the advantages in education can only be offered by big cities.
Therefore, big cities can offer more educational opportunities than the small towns.
Therefore, city residents can enjoy more educational opportunities than those who live in the small towns.

        城市比农村可以为居民提供更加便利的生活设施。

1.        主题句的表达
City residents can enjoy better living facilities than those who live in the small towns.
City residents have better living conditions than those who live in the small town.
Compared with the small towns, cities can provided their residents with better living conditions.

2.        主题句的展开
The economy in the big cities developed far better than in the small towns; accordingly, in the big cities the living conditions, such as public transportation system, shopping centers, are better built. At the same time, government always tend to invest on the cities instead of small towns.
In the big cities, there are convenient shopping centers for people to buy living staff, there is public transportation system which can transfer city residents from one place to another easily; and there are theaters for people to enjoy movies…

3.        举例子
For example, there are far more supermarkets, bus lines, theaters in Beijing than in Langfang, the small town. People in Beijing generally can go to theater every week, whereas people in Langfang have to take hours of train to go to the city theater for a movie.

4.        段落小结
Therefore, people in the big cities can enjoy higher quality of life than those in the small towns.

[ 本帖最后由 tracy24 于 2006-9-18 21:27 编辑 ]

楼主做个word的包发上来可能效果更好一点

到底是认错人了，还是在呼叫我呢？

thank you so much

不错，很有用，谢谢

多谢楼主

感谢你的资料！

等word下载